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Author Topic: how old is the idea: speaking in tongues = glossolalia?  (Read 551 times)
mike
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« on: October 12, 2009, 07:52:27 PM »

I've been reading through I Corinthians recently, and thinking a lot about chapter 14 this past week. As you know, Paul is teaching here about how damaging disruptive behavior can be during public gatherings of Christians. He spends quite a bit of time talking about the misuse of the gift of tongues.

My church background and personal experience lean more to seeing the gift of tongues as speaking in a known language that the gifted one has not studied, as in Acts 2. Yet it does seem that in I Cor. 14 an ecstatic language of some sort may be Paul's intended sense of the term "gift of tongues."

What I'm wondering is when in church history did the idea of "tongues" as an ecstatic prayer or praise language arise? Is this an idea as old as the church, perhaps mentioned by one of the church fathers? Was the phrase used in that way by the mystics or monastics? How about the Reformers?

Or did this conception of "tongues" arise only relatively recently? As I try to decide where I am going to come down on this issue, it would help me to know how long someone has considered it this way.

Does anyone know if some Christian somewhere spoke of "tongues" as glossolalia (whether or not that word was used) before the 19th century?
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« on: October 12, 2009, 07:52:27 PM »

 
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larry2
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« Reply #1 on: October 12, 2009, 08:44:57 PM »


Dear Brother Mike, being that Paul probably spoke Greek, Hebrew, and Italian for certain, tongues wouldn't seem to be those. And then what edification would Paul have derived by speaking in such a language?

1 Corinthians 14:4  He that speaketh in an unknown tongue edifieth himself.
 
1 Corinthians 14:18  I thank my God, I speak with tongues more than ye all:

I do know that when I received the Holy Spirit, I spoke in a language that I did not know, and was joyful. At the same time my wife, being Hispanic heard a woman at another part of the altar speaking very good Spanish, and later asked her about it; the woman was Italian and didn't know Spanish. I do not know if the language I spoke was a literal earthly language or not, but I believe God knew it, and was pleased with it.

Being filled with the Holy Spirit gave me that feeling of joy unspeakable and full of glory: possibly that ecstatic language being a part of the edifying, or lifting up of my spirit; my praise became fervently unrestrained, and my singing passionate.

In Jesus' name.
 
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« Reply #1 on: October 12, 2009, 08:44:57 PM »

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mike
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« Reply #2 on: October 12, 2009, 09:14:37 PM »

Thank you for your reply, Larry. I have not had that experience of speaking in tongues, but I have no reason to suspect that your experience was anything other than a genuine manifestation of the Spirit of God.

I guess what I am saying is that I would feel better about that if I knew that Christians throughout history have had experiences similar to yours. Do you know of any believer hundreds of years ago who spoke in tongues like you describe and wrote about it?
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« Reply #3 on: October 12, 2009, 09:33:41 PM »


Dear brother, I do not know of any since it seemed to not be common for many years in the dark ages. It seemed to come alive again in the twentieth century with the old Azusa Street church meetings in Los Angles in 1906. I've heard it described somewhere as the latter rain, and there is many testimonies of that pouring out of the Spirit.

Taken from WikipediA - The Azusa Street Revival was a historic Pentecostal revival meeting that took place in Los Angeles, California and was led by William J. Seymour, an African American preacher. It began with a meeting on April 14, 1906 at the African Methodist Episcopal Church and continued until roughly 1915. The revival was characterized by ecstatic spiritual experiences accompanied by speaking in tongues, dramatic worship services, and inter-racial mingling. The participants received criticism from secular media and Christian theologians for behaviors considered to be outrageous and unorthodox, especially at the time. Today, the revival is considered by historians to be the primary catalyst for the spread of Pentecostalism in the 20th century.

In Jesus' name.

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blituri
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« Reply #4 on: October 12, 2009, 09:36:20 PM »

Montanus is probably the only well known example of speaking in tongues: he used two women and convinced them that if they just imitated them that they could speak in tongues. Lots of wild things have always happened in charismatica.  Both of his "prophetesses" killed themselves on the same day in separate cities.  Most of the women who were duped were also taken advantage of. When they came to their senses they knew that they had been fooled. The wild experience among the Stoneites in Kentucky wore off quickly and when they couldn't get past Duncan's Tavern on their way home they fell into a hopeless depression. Suicide was common in the First Great American Awakening when people were tricked into the experience and it was never repeated.  Stone rejected the experience in time and insisted that God would not do something just once.  As Calvinists they were looking for a testimony.

There have been other outbreaks such as the little prophets in France and the St Vitus Dancing experience but I believe in all cases they have been identified as frauds.  One wise pastor put a stop to the contageous women in a nunner with bucks of cold water. 

One historian has noted that "prophesying" is the world's OLDEST profession.  As long as there has been recorded history madmen have been though to be moonstruck or otherwise under the influence of a "god" which they usually called "demons."

It is thought that some local madman went into an out of his head experience which coincided with a need rain. In time such mad men were relieved of their hunting and gathering roles and became dedicated magicians, soothsayers or priests. 

When the Levites (an old Egyptian cult) were giving the role of prophesying with musical instruments the word is neither foretelling or forthtelling but soothsaying or sorcery. That is because they had been abandoned by God.

In the Greek world and in Corinth they were called the Mad Women since only they were prone to the experience. This may be the meaing of the uncovered prophesiers in 1 Cor 11:5 but not INSIDE of the assembly.  Paul informs them that if there was a PROPHET (one would do) they THEY would know that Paul was writing them the truth.  Corinth was plagued with mad women and history notes that they were never corrected.  The fact that many strangers would be passing thorugh Corinth would make speaking a TONGUE which means a MINOR DIALECT when most people could understand Koine would SEEM like MAD people or the MANIA prophesiers.  Paul dimenished speaking in alien Dialects which were comfortable in their own spirit but worthless unless they could peak with their mind.   Paul in effect says that he would NOT do that IN CHURCH.  The Ephesian 12 who spoke in tongues when Paul (an apostle) laid his hands on them became PROPHETS and during Paul's LOCATED time the whole province heard the gospel.

In the Greek world they truly believed that no one could speak FOR a god or demon unless they were driven into ecstasy or out of their mind: this was accomplished by wine, drugs or by music.

There is no evidence in Corinth that these people were ever under God's influence: God doesn't gibber.

The Cane Ridge breakout is also attributed to the Black singing groups: with drumming outlawed a new syleof singing and polyrhymic hand clapping is clearly defined as a voodoo experience.
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« Reply #5 on: October 12, 2009, 10:04:36 PM »

Larry,
Thanks again for your reply. I am familiar with the Azusa Street revival. I also agree that it seems that the widespread consistent description of tongues speaking as glossolalia extends from the Pentecostal movement of the early 1900s, and possibly somewhat from the preceding holiness churches in the mid to latter 1800s.
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« Reply #5 on: October 12, 2009, 10:04:36 PM »

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mike
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« Reply #6 on: October 12, 2009, 10:14:24 PM »

blituri,
Thanks for the info on Montanus.

I agree with the statement that it was widespread in Greek culture that religious experience involved ecstatic unusual sensations or behavior. Several years ago I was in Greece and had the chance to go to Delphi. There is a volcanic crevice under the temple there where the oracle (always a woman) would go to consider questions. It is thought that the gases from this rift led to intoxication and ecstatic behavior.

However, just because some ecstatic and seemingly bizarre behaviors are fraudulent does not mean that all ecstatic religious experiences are fabricated, or are the result of delusion or deception.

I am trying to remain open to the possibility that some people who speak in tongues (in the currently accepted sense) are not just overcome with emotion and religious devotion (in itself not a bad thing), but are in fact exercising a gift of the Holy Spirit. God certainly can do what he wants to do.
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« Reply #7 on: October 12, 2009, 11:14:36 PM »


Quote
Corinth was plagued with mad women and history notes that they were never corrected.  The fact that many strangers would be passing thorugh Corinth

But the Bible says nothing about mad women in the church in Corinth.

Quote
would make speaking a TONGUE which means a MINOR DIALECT when most people could understand Koine

The Bible specifies no such thing.  A tongue can be a major dialect.  The speaker's understanding was 'unfruitful.'  But even if the speaker couldn't understand, the assembly could be edified if the message were interpreted through a gift of the Spirit.

Quote
There is no evidence in Corinth that these people were ever under God's influence: God doesn't gibber.

There is evidence in the text that the people Paul addressed were exercising gifts of the Spirit.  There is no evidence of man women or many of the other things you talk about in the text of Scripture.

Quote
The Cane Ridge breakout is also attributed to the Black singing groups: with drumming outlawed a new syleof singing and polyrhymic hand clapping is clearly defined as a voodoo experience.

Voodoo priests wash their hands.  Do you wash your hands?  Are you a voodoo priest?

Does the fact that the clapping of hands is mentioned in the Bible make any difference to you?
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« Reply #8 on: October 12, 2009, 11:17:26 PM »

I've been reading through I Corinthians recently, and thinking a lot about chapter 14 this past week. As you know, Paul is teaching here about how damaging disruptive behavior can be during public gatherings of Christians. He spends quite a bit of time talking about the misuse of the gift of tongues.

My church background and personal experience lean more to seeing the gift of tongues as speaking in a known language that the gifted one has not studied, as in Acts 2. Yet it does seem that in I Cor. 14 an ecstatic language of some sort may be Paul's intended sense of the term "gift of tongues."

What I'm wondering is when in church history did the idea of "tongues" as an ecstatic prayer or praise language arise? Is this an idea as old as the church, perhaps mentioned by one of the church fathers? Was the phrase used in that way by the mystics or monastics? How about the Reformers?

As I understand it, the typical Pentecostal view of tongues is that it is some kind of language (either earthly or heavenly) not understood by the speaker or congregation (most of the time), but that can be interpreted with the gift of interpretation.

'Glossalalia' is the term taken from the Greek in scripture.  Some people define it as a language.  Some as a form of 'ecstatic speech.'  Pentecostals and Charismatics aren't necessarily 'ecstatic' when they do this, depending on how you define ecstatic. 

Quote
Does anyone know if some Christian somewhere spoke of "tongues" as glossolalia (whether or not that word was used) before the 19th century?

It's taken from the wording used in the Greek texts of Acts and I Corinthians.
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« Reply #8 on: October 12, 2009, 11:17:26 PM »

 
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« Reply #9 on: October 12, 2009, 11:23:37 PM »

Yeah, interesting stuff.  Wesley had the vast, vast majority of cases of supernatural responses being women.  This is consisten throughout many religions and sects of religions.  It is very telling, when placed in comparative juxtaposition with the Word.  And as the previous poster stated, the majority being what seems to be fraudulent, doesn't make all such.  However, it is used by others to discredit all, both good and bad.  That's typical.

Appreciate L2's post.  Had a friend that got into the radical stuff: roaring like a lion, etc..  Not good.
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mike
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« Reply #10 on: October 13, 2009, 06:51:42 AM »

Thanks, Link and SoG.
I think I have a good handle on what speaking in tongues is, at least as much as someone who has never done it can understand.

Do you know if any ancient believers described experiences similar to those that Larry described earlier in this thread?

Or is the current description of speaking in tongues thought to be something from primitive Christianity that was neglected for centuries, and has now been restored?
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« Reply #11 on: November 03, 2009, 07:03:05 AM »

Bumping this up to see if there are any others with knowledge on this topic.

Thanks in advance.

Mike
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« Reply #12 on: November 03, 2009, 11:51:37 AM »

For the Greek there were five recognized LANGUAGES and 70 TONGUES: if one came from the hinterland they might sound like babblers which is how the charismatic pagans sounded: it is correct, it was only women who could fall into MADNESS. A normal male just couldn't fall into it.  They were the oracles who went mad sniffing vapors, drinking wine or listening to instruments which DRUMMED up the "spirit." They could SELL this to the dupes as a revelation.  The Abaddon or Apollyon in John's coded word is Apollo: a famous oracle at Delphi used women who could be driven into charismatic frenzy: just like today, the priest fit a message to fit the "sealed envelope" and the musician put it into hexameter verse and delivered it.  It was always dishonest and caused great harm..

Peter laid down a DIRECT COMMANDMENT as theonly way to screen out the babblers. An oracle only spoke what she thought the god was saying.  The delivery of an oracle is in a slow, distinct language.  Peter allows no "further expounding" for the priest or putting into verse and singing by the musicians;

1Pet. 4:11 If any man speak,
       let him speak as the oracles of God;

if any man minister,
       let him do it as of the ability which God giveth:

that God in all things may be glorified through Jesus Christ,
       to whom be praise and dominion for ever and ever. Amen


Tongue speakers get the praise. Priests who rewrite get the praise. Singers who turn the word into a song get the praise.

Charismatic DEFINES all pagan religions and you will remember that God turned Israel over to worship the starry host and their prophesying with instruments is defined as soothsaying or in Revelation 18 sorcery.

http://www.piney.com/Isaiah.Five.html

Strabo in Geography wrote of performance worship ritual which Jesus and Paul outlawed: for more info:

http://www.piney.com/MuStrabo.html

“for all agree in regarding the women as the chief founders of religion, and it is the women who provoke the men to the more attentive worship of the gods, to festivals, and to supplications, and it is a rare thing for a man who lives by himself to be found addicted to these things."

As long as people use what was always called madness to give themselves authority, it is fair to say that in history it is documented that men who "sang and played" to stir up the flesh were "drunk, perverted or just having fun." That is why the PLAY word defines both at Mount Sina.

1Cor. 14:23 If therefore the whole church be come together into one place, and all speak with tongues, and there come in those that are unlearned, or unbelievers, will they not say that ye are mad?

1693. ejmmai÷nomai emmainomai, em-mah´-ee-nom-ahee; from 1722 and 3105; to rave on, i.e. rage at: — be mad against.

3105. mai÷nomai mainomai, mah´-ee-nom-ahee; middle voice from a primary maw mao (to long for; through the idea of insensate craving); to rave as a “maniac”: — be beside self (mad).

3130. mani÷a mania, man-ee´-ah; from 3105; craziness: — (+ make) x mad.

Mainomai [from Root !man]
I. to rage, be furious, Hom.; ho maneis the madman, Soph.: to be mad with wine, Od.:--of Bacchic frenzy, Il., Soph.; hupo tou theou m. to be driven mad by the god, Hdt.; to mainesthai madness, Soph.; plein ę mainomai more than madness, Ar.:--c. acc. cogn., memęnôs ou smikran noson mad with no slight disease, Aesch.

2. of fire, to rage, riot, Il.; so, mainomenę elpis Orac. ap. Hdt.; eris Aesch., etc.
II. the aor1 act. emęna, in Causal sense, to madden, enrage, Eur., Xen.

Bacchic frenzy has been unleashed as the New Wineskin worship with "jubilation and exhilaration."  The Vineyard lady correctly defines it and sells it in the "new style praise books" as bringing on a sexual-like climactic experience. That was the desired role in ancient charismania.

Here are some notes on the CHARIS or GRACE word in the Charismatic sense:

http://www.piney.com/Charismatic.html




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« Reply #12 on: November 03, 2009, 11:51:37 AM »

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Sherman Nobles
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« Reply #13 on: November 03, 2009, 12:13:21 PM »

Hi Mike,

A few of the statements of the church fathers indicate that they were aware of some miraculous activity in their day, speaking in languages and prophecying particularly.  The History of the Christian Church, by Philip Schaff records that speaking in tongues occurred among the Camisards, the Cevennes in France, among the early Quakers and Methodists in the Irish revival of 1859, and among the Irvingites in 1831. The Encyclopedia Britannica states that glossolalia (speaking in tongues) has recurred in Christian revivals of every age — among the mendicant friars of the thirteenth century, among the Jasenists and early Quakers, the persecuted Protestants of the Cevennes, and the Irvingites.  

The fifth century church father, Augustine of Hippo, was very insightful about the beliefs held by the early church regarding speaking in tongues and supported this view. From his comments about Acts 8:17-19, it was his assumption, due to his own experience in such matters, that Simon must have seen the Samaritans speaking in tongues. Augustine wrote, "We still do what the apostles did when they laid hands on the Samaritans and called down the Holy Spirit on them by laying on of hands. It is expected that new converts should speak with new tongues." (Augustine, vol. 4)  

Most Pentecostals and Charismatics generally agree that the baptism with the Holy Spirit is evidenced by speaking in tongues, and is separate and distinct from the birth of the Spirit (John 3:7), which occurs when faith is placed in Christ for salvation.

They believe that speaking in tongues is involved in four distinct functions: (1) As the initial, physical evidence of the baptism with the Holy Spirit (Acts 10:46), (2) as a spiritual prayer language which is used for personal edification (1 Cor. 14:4, Rom. 8:26-27), (3) as a special utterance gift to the church, which when interpreted, serves to edify the body (1 Cor. 12:10, 14:6), and as a miraculous sign for unbelievers (Acts 2:5-12, 1 Cor. 14:22).  Paul indicated that not all persons would have the latter "gift of tongues" used to edify the church or as a sign to unbelievers, but desired for all believers to be able to speak in tongues for personal edification. "I wish you all spoke with tongues..." (1 Cor. 14:5).

Sadly, as the church progressively fell into the "dark ages" the various manifestations of the spirit, including tongues, grew increasingly scarce, until the Reformation when there were small groups of Christians that began to once again believe that God desires to build his kingdom through the power of the Spirit.  The Huegenots (17th Century), Quakers (18th), and Methodists (19th) showed signs of such.  But the current Pentecostal beliefs concerning the baptism in the Holy Spirit did not find full expression until the early 20th Century.

Why did the church slip into the dark ages?  I believe much of it has to do with the church becoming the state religion, as well as the church rejecting it's Jewish roots and instead being based much upon Greek Philosophy, especially Plato which sought to elevate Reason and suppress Emotion and discredit those who appear emotional.  In many ways, Greco-Roman Christianity moved from being a religion of "being" to a religion of "thinking".  Instead of Christianity being primarily about character and how one lives one life, it degraded into simply mentally accepting the doctrines of the church, being obedient to church leadership, and performing the various sacred rites.  It lost it's vitality and became calcified.  

Salvation is far more than accepting a list of doctrines; it's embracing a real relationship with God!
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"Keep reminding them of these things. Warn them before God against quarreling about words; it is of no value, and only ruins those who listen. Do your best to present yourself to God as one approved, a workman who does not need to be ashamed and who correctly handles the word of truth." 2 Timothy 2:14 & 15

If interested the following link will is to a thread with my beliefs on Marriage, Divorce, and Remarriage: http://www.gracecentered.com/christian_forums/index.php/topic,20182.0.html
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« Reply #14 on: November 03, 2009, 12:18:04 PM »

Peter laid down a DIRECT COMMANDMENT as theonly way to screen out the babblers. An oracle only spoke what she thought the god was saying.  The delivery of an oracle is in a slow, distinct language.  Peter allows no "further expounding" for the priest or putting into verse and singing by the musicians;

1Pet. 4:11 If any man speak,
       let him speak as the oracles of God;

if any man minister,
       let him do it as of the ability which God giveth:

that God in all things may be glorified through Jesus Christ,
       to whom be praise and dominion for ever and ever. Amen



The context here is about being a good stweard of the manifold gifts of God.  There is no prohibition of expouding or singing in these verses.  'Ministering' can take many forms.  I corinthians 14:26 gives more detail about the type of utterances that could be given, including 'psalms.'

Quote
Charismatic DEFINES all pagan religions

Quite the contrary, pagan religions are distinctly NOT defined by gives that come from God's grace.  Charismatic comes from charismata, a Greek word for 'gift' that is related to the word 'charisma,' a word for grace.  These grace gifts differ according to the grace given unto us.  It is interesting to see the relationship between gifts and grace in the passage

Quote
1Cor. 14:23 If therefore the whole church be come together into one place, and all speak with tongues, and there come in those that are unlearned, or unbelievers, will they not say that ye are mad?

1693. ejmmai÷nomai emmainomai, em-mah´-ee-nom-ahee; from 1722 and 3105; to rave on, i.e. rage at: — be mad against.

3105. mai÷nomai mainomai, mah´-ee-nom-ahee; middle voice from a primary maw mao (to long for; through the idea of insensate craving); to rave as a “maniac”: — be beside self (mad).

3130. mani÷a mania, man-ee´-ah; from 3105; craziness: — (+ make) x mad.

Mainomai [from Root !man]
I. to rage, be furious, Hom.; ho maneis the madman, Soph.: to be mad with wine, Od.:--of Bacchic frenzy, Il., Soph.; hupo tou theou m. to be driven mad by the god, Hdt.; to mainesthai madness, Soph.; plein ę mainomai more than madness, Ar.:--c. acc. cogn., memęnôs ou smikran noson mad with no slight disease, Aesch.

I Corinthians is talking about the genuine gift, not a pagan imitation.  It is the unbeliever in the passage who asks if they are mad.

Furthermore, the word is used OF a Bacchic frenzy.  That doesn't mean that the concept of a Bacchic frenzy is inherent in the word, but that it had been used on one occasion to refer to a Bachic frenzy.

Just like in English here, you quoted someone using 'frenzy' to describe a 'Bacchic frenzy', but that doesn't mean from here on after that anyone who says 'frezy' is talking about Bacchus.


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