Where did present day modern civilization come from??

[delade3]

http://www.biographyonline.net/different-periods-in-history/

The age of wisdom and enlightenment, which came after the Greek and Roman Empires came from the Islamic 'golden' period.   Between the years 750-1300 A.D., science, mathematics and the preservation of classical writings, such as Aristotle began.  The Islamic Golden Age saw the creation of centres of learning, science and culture, beginning with the House of Wisdom in Baghdad.

So where might we think modern ways of living came from??  Who were the first people to have implemented an army for the nation? 

The Ottomans, who may have been the first peoples to have used the 'hand gunn' which was developed in China, may have been the first modern 'army' to instill artillery machines into their lines of rank and defenses.  And it were the Ottomans which conquered the Byzantine Empire, perhaps, with the use of such artillery.  In fact, the conquest may have been 1 of the very first 'wars' fought with gun powder involved. 

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Military_of_the_Ottoman_Empire